Comparative epidemiological analysis of dengue cases in the state of Paraná in 2023 and 2024

Autores/as

  • Isadora Laguila Altoé
  • Bruna Galan Gomes

Palabras clave:

Dengue, Epidemic, Paraná, Epidemiological profile.

Resumen

Introduction: Dengue is an acute febrile and infectious disease, which can manifest itself in a benign or severe form. It is caused by an arbovirus and is transmitted by Aedes aegypti. There are four serotypes: DENV1, DENV2, DENV3 and DENV4. The main symptoms are high fever, myalgia, retro-orbital pain, headache and rash. Dengue is a challenge for public health and an epidemic, even in Paraná. Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile of documented probable cases of dengue fever in the state of Paraná, from January to December 2023 and January to April 2024. Methodology: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative epidemiological study based on secondary data obtained from the Ministry of Health's Unified Health System Information Technology Department (DATASUS/MS). Results and Discussion: In the epidemiological year 2023, 211,022 probable cases of dengue were reported in Paraná. In 2024 (up to April this year), there were 421,455 cases, an increase of 99.72%. It can be inferred that the number of cases has practically doubled, with only 1/3 of the epidemiological year 2024 having elapsed. In 2023, 6,285 cases required hospitalization and in 2024, 14,192. Although the proportional increase was not significant (2023: 2.97%; 2024: 3.36%), more beds were needed, as there was an increase of almost 126%. In both 2023 and 2024, the northern macro-region was home to the majority of cases. However, the macro-region with the highest proportional increase was the northwest (2023: 15.05%; 2024: 21.19%). In 2023, 75.35% of cases progressed to cure and 0.06% to death. In 2024, 65.72% were cured and 0.05% died. It is therefore important to continuously monitor treatment and the quality of patient care. Conclusion: The need for constant monitoring of cases and prevention measures is emphasized, given that those affected by the arbovirus are steadily increasing compared to the previous year.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56238/homeIVsevenhealth-023

Publicado

2024-06-05