COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INHALATIONAL AGENTS (ISOFLURANE VS. SEVOFLURANE) IN ANESTHESIA OF ELDERLY CATS

Abstract

Objective: To compare the effects of isoflurane and sevoflurane on anesthesia in elderly cats, evaluating their advantages and disadvantages in relation to cardiovascular stability, recovery time, and intra- and postoperative complication rate. Progress in veterinary medicine has extended the life expectancy of domestic felines, making anesthesia in elderly patients a challenge, because of the physiological changes that can affect hemodynamic stability and recovery after anesthesia. The use of inhaled anesthetics, such as isoflurane and sevoflurane, is extensive due to their predominantly pulmonary metabolism, minimizing hepatic and renal overload. Isoflurane has reduced hepatic metabolism and predictable cardiovascular effects, and is recommended for critically ill patients. On the other hand, sevoflurane offers more agile anesthetic induction and recovery, favoring brief procedures and reducing the likelihood of complications after surgery. However, its hepatic metabolism is higher than that of isoflurane and the risk of nephrotoxicity requires caution in cats with liver or kidney problems. The choice of anesthetic should consider the patient's clinical condition, prioritizing hemodynamic stability and safe recovery.