Sleep loss causes emotional dysregulations increasing depression and anxiety: A reciprocal relationship
Resumo
Introduction: Good quality sleep is essential for good neurocognitive performance, mental and physical health. However, changes in society have led to a worsening of sleep quality, which is associated with the development of anxiety and depression. Aim: To discuss and contribute to a better understanding of the association between sleep loss and anxiety and depression. Methodology: This article presents a narrative literature review based on the analysis of scientific articles published from 2014 to 2022 in PubMed on sleep deprivation and its association with anxiety and depression. Two criteria were applied: titles that did not mention the thematic association between sleep deprivation and depression and anxiety and abstracts that did not address this issue. After the exclusion criteria, a total of 45 articles originally in English were obtained (including book chapters, guidelines and case reports). Discussion: Sleep deprivation is associated with increased cortisol levels, reduced testosterone and serotonin levels and increased inflammatory markers. In this context, this condition is related to symptoms of depression and anxiety. Changes in society's patterns, such as increased internet use and a heavier workload, have led a large part of the population to develop sleep quality problems. In addition, it is known that good quality sleep is essential for good neurocognitive performance, mental and physical health. Conclusion: This study discussed the relationship between sleep deprivation, depression and anxiety. It added to its effect on good neurocognitive performance, mental and physical health. Overall, it was found that there is an association of mechanisms between these disorders. In this context, there is an urgent need for more specific research and dissemination of data on the association between sleep deprivation and depression and anxiety.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Lêda Maria Veloso Bastos, Lia de Oliveira Jereissati, Lêda Maria Cavalcante Viana, Isaac Dantas Sales Pimentel, Lara Maria Fujita Vieira Lima, Leonardo Régis Barreira de Figueirêdo, Maria Clara Borges Girão Peixoto, Alan Bessa Aguiar, Júlio César Claudino dos Santos##plugins.themes.gdThemes.article.Authors##
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Lêda Maria Veloso Bastos
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Lia de Oliveira Jereissati
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Lêda Maria Cavalcante Viana
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Isaac Dantas Sales Pimentel
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Lara Maria Fujita Vieira Lima
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Leonardo Régis Barreira de Figueirêdo
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Maria Clara Borges Girão Peixoto
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Alan Bessa Aguiar
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Júlio César Claudino dos Santos