CHRONIC OROFACIAL PAIN AND ENDODONTICS: DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC CHALLENGES

Abstract

Orofacial pain encompasses conditions of dental, musculoskeletal, and neuropathic origins, demanding accurate differential diagnosis to prevent mistreatment. Acute pain typically stems from pulpitis and periapical infections, whereas chronic pain arises from neuroplastic alterations and central sensitization. Neuropathic pain, such as trigeminal neuralgia, is characterized by its intensity and resistance to standard analgesics. Musculoskeletal pain, often linked to temporomandibular disorders, manifests diffusely, intensifying under emotional stress. Effective chronic orofacial pain management requires a multidisciplinary approach, combining pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies, including physiotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy. Emerging interventions, such as ion channel modulators and transcranial stimulation, showcase advances in neuroscience, offering potential for improved outcomes. Recognizing phenotypic variations in orofacial pain is key to accurate diagnosis and optimal care.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.56238/sevened2024.029-005