Gestational syphilis: the importance of proper treatment in the prevention of congenital syphilis

Abstract

Introduction: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection that is easy to diagnose and treat, caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, easy to diagnose and treat. Congenital syphilis, transmitted from mother to fetus, is one of the main causes of abortion, stillbirth, birth mortality, low birth weight, prematurity, and malformations. Objective: to analyze the relevance of the adequate treatment of gestational syphilis in the prevention of congenital syphilis, as well as possible factors that negatively impact the incidence of this disease. Methodology: This is a bibliographical review, where research was carried out on Google Scholar and Scielo bases for publications on inadequate treatment and factors that fuel high rates of congenital syphilis in the country by the year 2022, in addition to the epidemiological bulletin and the Clinical Protocol and Therapeutic Guidelines for Comprehensive Care of People with Sexually Transmitted Infections (IST) both made available by the Ministry of Health (MS). Results: It is observed that the main difficulties in the reduction of the vertical transmission of syphilis are or are not treated by the partner and that treatment and follow-up are carried out inadequately by the health team. Among the data analyzed, there is evidence that 94.14% of children with congenital syphilis are more children who undergo prenatal follow-up, therefore, only 42.72% of pregnant women receive adequate treatment. It is important to note that in this same study, it was found that only 45.63% of the two partners received simultaneous treatment with the pregnant woman to break the contamination chain. Conclusion: Congenital syphilis can be prevented when an early diagnosis occurs with adequate treatment for pregnant women and sexual partners during or pre-natal. It becomes evident, in this context, the importance of continuing education relevant to health professionals and the awareness and education of the general population about the importance of pre-natal and gestational and congenital syphilis, aiming a better adherence to the treatment and monitoring of both pregnant women and two partners

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56238/colleinternhealthscienv1-127