SURGERY VS. LASER: A LITERATURE REVIEW ON THE TREATMENT OF URINARY INCONTINENCE

Abstract

Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common condition among climacteric women, negatively impacting quality of life and physical and emotional health. Therapeutic approaches vary, the most common being sling surgery and laser therapies, both erbium laser (Er-YAG) and CO² laser. This study aims to compare the efficacy of sling surgery and laser therapies in the treatment of urinary incontinence in middle-aged women, aged 40 to 60 years, evaluating their results and impacts on quality of life. The research consists of a literature review, considering recent studies that evaluate the effectiveness of treatments for UI. Clinical data, success rates, and quality of life of the patients were analyzed. The data reveal that sling surgery has a success rate of more than 80% in one year of follow-up, providing significant relief from symptoms. Laser therapies, although less invasive, have shown promising results, with an improvement in the quality of life of up to 70% of patients, although their long-term effectiveness still needs more research. The choice between surgery and laser therapy should be individualized, considering the preferences and health conditions of each woman. Promoting a multidisciplinary approach is essential to optimize treatment and support for patients with urinary incontinence.