EFFICACY OF PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF HERPES SIMPLEX TYPE I

Abstract

This study presents a series of clinical case reports on the application of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) in the treatment of lesions caused by Herpes Simplex Virus Type I (HSV-1). This viral infection is known for its recurrent episodes, which significantly affect patients’ quality of life due to pain, aesthetic discomfort, and social stigma. Traditionally, treatment involves the use of antiviral medications such as Acyclovir, which may present limitations related to viral resistance and potential side effects. In this context, aPDT emerges as a minimally invasive therapeutic approach that combines a photosensitizing agent with light of a specific wavelength, generating reactive oxygen species capable of selectively destroying infected cells. This study aimed to report three clinical cases treated with aPDT, using 0.005% methylene blue and a 660 nm diode laser on patients with vesicular-phase herpetic lesions. All cases showed significant improvement in symptoms, with pain relief and reduced inflammation within 24 hours after treatment. The outcomes corroborate existing literature regarding the efficacy of aPDT as an adjunctive therapy in managing recurrent labial herpes, especially in immunocompetent patients. Furthermore, the study highlights the practicality, safety, and lack of relevant side effects, making aPDT a viable option in dental practice. It is concluded that aPDT is a promising alternative, particularly for individuals seeking complementary, effective, and low-risk therapies. Nevertheless, further studies with larger samples and standardized clinical protocols are needed to support the widespread use of this technique in daily clinical practice.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56238/sevened2025.014-006