VETERINARY CYTOPATHOLOGY: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

Abstract

Neoplasms are cell growths with no biological function, of multifactorial etiology, which affect all animal species. However, studies on the incidence of neoplasms in dogs in Belém do Pará through cytological diagnosis are scarce. The cytopathological evaluation comprises the study of cells that identifies the cytomorphological category, evaluates cellularity, nuclear and cytoplasmic characteristics, making it possible to classify whether the neoplasm is benign or malignant, in addition to also allowing the identification of non-neoplastic processes, such as inflammation and infections. In view of this, the objective of the research is to evaluate the occurrence of neoplasms in dogs treated at HOVET-UFRA through cytopathological examination. Retrospectively, medical records from January to December 2023 were included, surveying data on gender, age, and Pap smears. A total of 229 animals were evaluated for cytological examination, with females being the most prevalent with 64.19%, while males corresponded to 35.81%. The highest occurrence of lesions was in the reproductive system with 47.48%, followed by the integumentary system with 40.58%. Of the 377 cases of lesions analyzed, 212 (56.23%) had neoplastic diagnoses, with a prevalence of epithelial neoplasms 122 (57.55%) and round cell neoplasms 55 (25.94%). Females had a higher incidence of neoplastics, with 112 cases (69.57%), being the most common disease. Mammary neoplasms in females were the most prevalent, with mammary adenoma/carcinoma being the most frequent neoplasm with 35.40%, followed by benign epithelial neoplasia with 17.39%, in round cell neoplasms mast cell mast cell was the most common with 9.32% of all cases. In males, round cell neoplasms were the most frequent, with 15.69% for TVT cases and 13.73% for mast cell cases.  The results point to the importance of the cytological examination at HOVET-UFRA, not only to guide treatments, but also to collect data on the most prevalent lesions, essential for disease control measures. Thus, the research contributes to the understanding and management of neoplasms in dogs in the region.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56238/sevened2024.032-031