ANTAGONISM OF A STRUCTURED STRUCTURE AND THE STRUCTURING ABYSS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST SOCIAL INEQUALITY: COMPARISON BETWEEN BRAZIL AND RUSSIA

Abstract

The Russian Revolution of 1917 was an attempt to combat the deep social inequality of Tsarist Russia, the result of centuries of rigid social structure. At the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth, Russia was experiencing late industrialization, which aggravated the precarious conditions of the working class, with a lack of rights and exploitation in factories. Marxist ideas about revolution faced challenges, as the majority of the population, composed of peasants and workers, remained on the margins of progress. The disagreements between Marx and the Russian populists made it difficult to implement the revolution in an agrarian society.

In contemporary Brazil, social inequality is also alarming, with a high Gini coefficient, positioning the country as one of the most unequal in the world, reflecting inequality in areas such as jobs, food, education and leisure. Although the historical and political contexts are different, both countries face structural problems that exclude the less favored classes and hinder their social mobility.

This article proposes a comparative analysis between Brazil and Russia, investigating how political and economic systems contribute to the perpetuation of inequality. Based on authors such as Bourdieu and Piketty, the study seeks to identify the causes of these inequalities and suggest reforms to address them, highlighting the importance of discussing the role of political and legislative institutions in maintaining these social disparities.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.56238/sevened2024.037-057