REVIEW OF THE MAIN ASPECTS OF SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS IN SMALL ANIMALS

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in dogs and cats, highlighting its etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. SLE is a complex autoimmune condition, mainly affecting the joint, renal, and skin systems, and its identification is challenging due to the diversity of clinical signs, which may include fever, polyarthritis, skin manifestations, and indications of renal involvement. Diagnosis is made through laboratory tests, including ANA testing and biopsies, to detect autoantibodies. Treatment involves using corticosteroids and immunosuppressants, although these can increase the risk of infections. In addition, the prognosis of SLE is often poor, especially in cases with renal or hematologic impairment. Neutering is recommended as a preventive measure. This study emphasizes the importance of integrated approaches in veterinary medicine to improve the diagnosis and management of SLE, aiming to provide a better quality of life to affected animals and reinforcing the need for continuous monitoring of patients.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.56238/sevened2024.031-052