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Plastics, microplastics, and human contamination: A literature review

de Carvalho MR;
Teixeira AF;
Dias LN;
Silva DJ;
Nascimento SP;
Pereira GEN;
Leite GS;
Silva JGA;
Mendes JR;
Azevedo JWJ;
Lopes MHS;
de Castro ACL

Marina Rocha de Carvalho

Alef Fontinele Teixeira

Luana do Nascimento Dias

Danielle de Jesus Silva

Suzany Pedrosa Nascimento

Gabriel Estevão Nunes Pereira

Graziela Santos Leite

Jamile Gabriela Almeida Silva

Jackson Rodrigues Mendes

James Werllen de Jesus Azevedo

Marcelo Henrique Silva Lopes

Antonio Carlos Leal de Castro


Keywords

Environmental pollution
Microplastic pollution
Microplastic contamination

Abstract

Plastics are synthetic materials produced through the polymerization of monomers derived from oil or gas. Plastic waste causes several problems, affecting the environment, marine life, biodiversity, and the functioning of ecosystems. Plastic fragments can be ingested by various species, occurring records in the digestive system of various organisms. Microplastics (PMs) include small plastic particles ranging from 1 μm to 5 mm in size and are currently identified as one of the emerging environmental contaminants of greatest concern in aquatic ecosystems, especially in the marine environment. Microplastics can be transported into the body by dermal contact, ingestion, inhalation, and transfer through the food chain. The bioaccumulation of PMs can cause internal and external lesions, ulcers, blockage of the digestive tract, among other lethal and sublethal effects. Microplastics that enter the human body can contain chemicals that cause cancer, DNA mutations, toxic effects on reproduction, hormonal disruption, and affect various organs. Recurrent sources of microplastic for the aquatic system are sewage, drainage systems, tire wear, and plastic waste that is poorly managed or discarded on beaches. Microplastic contamination generates a decrease in fish stocks, influencing populations living in the vicinity of contaminated environments, such as the population living near the ALUMAR Private Use Terminal, São Luís, Maranhão. Therefore, research with microplastics is of fundamental importance for improving the quality of life of the population and the environment and can be associated with several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

 

DOI:https://doi.org/10.56238/sevened2024.018-066


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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Copyright (c) 2024 Marina Rocha de Carvalho, Alef Fontinele Teixeira, Luana do Nascimento Dias , Danielle de Jesus Silva, Suzany Pedrosa Nascimento, Gabriel Estevão Nunes Pereira, Graziela Santos Leite, Jamile Gabriela Almeida Silva, Jackson Rodrigues Mendes, James Werllen de Jesus Azevedo, Marcelo Henrique Silva Lopes, Antonio Carlos Leal de Castro

Author(s)

  • Marina Rocha de Carvalho
  • Alef Fontinele Teixeira
  • Luana do Nascimento Dias
  • Danielle de Jesus Silva
  • Suzany Pedrosa Nascimento
  • Gabriel Estevão Nunes Pereira
  • Graziela Santos Leite
  • Jamile Gabriela Almeida Silva
  • Jackson Rodrigues Mendes
  • James Werllen de Jesus Azevedo
  • Marcelo Henrique Silva Lopes
  • Antonio Carlos Leal de Castro