Biomarkers related to diagnosis, prognosis and therapy in thyroid cancer

Abstract

Thyroid cancer (TC) is among the 10 most common neoplasms worldwide, with increasing number of cases, especially in populations with a high rate of metabolic syndromes and exposure to radiation, proving to be a great challenge to the global health system. Based on this, several studies are carried out in order to identify paths for early diagnosis and more individualized treatments. The main target of the research is biomarkers, which consist of the detection of small molecules, whether genetic material or not, which can be more expressed or suppressed with the presence of the tumor. Among them are cellular-free DNA, microRNAs, oncometabolites, and specific genetic mutations. In this way, biomarkers can contribute to more accurate and earlier tumor specificity and staging, since small quantitative changes can be easily observed. In addition to enabling other types of less aggressive treatments, encouraging permanence during the process. Thus, the present study aims to explore the main biomarkers currently being researched, as well as their roles in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of thyroid cancer.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.56238/sevened2024.018-051