Microstructural and mechanical analysis of GMAW short-circuit welding on dual phase DP1000 steels for automotive applications
Abstract
The article investigates welding methods applied to Dual Phase (DP) steels, with emphasis on the DP1000 class, aimed at the automotive industry. DP steels, known for their high mechanical resistance due to their specific microstructure, are attractive for manufacturing lighter, stronger and safer vehicles. The welding method chosen was GMAW by conventional short circuit, due to its efficiency and low cost. The characterization used advanced optical microscopy techniques, scanning electron microscopy with EDS, EBSD, in addition to tensile and hardness tests. Microstructural analyzes using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and EBSD confirmed the presence of ferrite, martensite and, occasionally, austenite in the base metal, as specified by the DP1000 steel manufacturer. The molten zone (ZF) showed variations in hardness, with values close to the thermally affected zone (TAZ) due to decarburization and the presence of alloying elements in the steel. Microstructural analysis of the weld beads by SEM identified proeutectoid ferrite, martensite and retained austenite. The changes in the microstructural and mechanical properties observed did not compromise the essential characteristics of the material, confirming that the short-circuit GMAW process proved to be suitable for applications in the automotive industry.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Elizângela de Macêdo Brito, Ângela Maria de Arruda, Ayrton de Sá Brandim, Daiany Jacinta de Carvalho, Luiz Gustavo Mafra de Ávila, Louriel Oliveira Vilarinho, Diandro Bailoni Fernandes, Edimundo Beneletti Filho, Daniel Dominices Baia Gomes de Souza, Joyce Antunes da Silva, Henrique Nardon Ferraresi, Tadeu Messias Donizete BorgaAuthor(s)
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Elizângela de Macêdo Brito
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Ângela Maria de Arruda
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Ayrton de Sá Brandim
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Daiany Jacinta de Carvalho
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Luiz Gustavo Mafra de Ávila
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Louriel Oliveira Vilarinho
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Diandro Bailoni Fernandes
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Edimundo Beneletti Filho
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Daniel Dominices Baia Gomes de Souza
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Joyce Antunes da Silva
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Henrique Nardon Ferraresi
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Tadeu Messias Donizete Borga