Alteration of the vertical dimension of occlusion: Clinical repercussions

Abstract

The loss of the vertical occlusion dimension (OLD) is the result of a major occlusal imbalance, where, in addition to the loss of dental elements, the responsible factor may be parafunctions, such as bruxism. The reestablishment of the vertical dimension of occlusion is very important for the preparation of prosthetic works since its non-establishment can cause damage. The objective of this study was to conduct a narrative review of the literature to clarify the clinical repercussions caused by the alteration of the vertical dimension of occlusion. Studies on the subject were searched electronically through the Medline database, via PUBMED, without restricting the language of the publications and the limit of publication dates. The search strategy was developed using a combination of keywords and general terms related to the vertical dimension of occlusion and dental prosthesis. A total of 31 references were included in this review. According to the reviewed articles, we can infer that if the vertical dimension of occlusion is not correctly reestablished, remaining increased or decreased, damage may occur in the teeth, muscles, TMJ, swallowing, phonation, auditory system, and even in the patient's posture, affecting their balance, so its reestablishment is of paramount importance for the success of oral rehabilitation.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.56238/sevened2023.005-020