Molar-incisor hypomineralization in pediatric dentistry: A literature review

Abstract

Hypomineralization is a failure in tooth enamel due to interference with the calcification process. One of the manifestations of this anomaly is Incisor Molar Hypomineralization (MIH), which mainly affects molars and, occasionally, permanent incisors. In this review of HMI in pediatric dentistry, we explore everything from diagnosis to treatment options. The etiology of HMI is idiopathic and multifactorial, often confused with other dental conditions due to similar clinical features. Difficulty in establishing an accurate diagnosis can hinder the treatment plan. Challenges such as hypersensitivity, fear and anxiety of the child, as well as adherence to restorative materials, are faced in the clinical practice of the dental surgeon. Difficulty brushing and the presence of pain in children with HMI negatively impact quality of life. Treatment is complex, adapted to the severity of the affected teeth, ranging from preventive measures to restorative procedures and extractions. The study of HMI is crucial for pediatric dentists, allowing for accurate diagnoses and appropriate treatments, contributing to improving the quality of life of affected patients.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56238/sevened2023.007-044