Blepharoplasty: The threshold between aesthetics, satisfaction and possible complications

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Blepharoplasty is a plastic surgery that aims to remove excess skin and fat from the lower and/or upper eyelid conjunctivae. This surgery is performed in the operating room by a plastic surgeon or ophthalmologist and has an average duration of about 90 to 120 minutes. Thus, because it is a relatively simple procedure, the rate of patients interested in this type of surgery is increasing. This surgical intervention, in addition to bringing aesthetic satisfaction to the patient, who has his self-esteem increased after disconnecting from the tired and sad look, can also improve the range and visual comfort, since the excess skin and fat in the eyelid conjunctiva can project over the eyeball and disfigure vision. However, even though there are many benefits, surgery can lead to complications. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze the relationship between patient satisfaction and complications associated with blepharoplasty. METHOD: To compose this integrative literature review, articles obtained from searches in virtual databases (PubMed, SciELO, Virtual Health Library and Google Scholar) were used, using the Science and Health Descriptors (DeCS) "Plastic Surgery", "Techniques" and "Eyelid Conjunctiva", between the years 2011 and 2023. RESULTS: Blepharoplasty showed more benefits than harms. Even so, the need for precise indication, care, study and excessive attention during the choice and execution of the technique is notorious, since there are complications such as edema, hematoma and retraction of the lower eyelid with ectropion. Patient satisfaction is evidenced in the vast majority of blepharoplasty cases, since there is a considerable improvement in aesthetics, which is often accompanied by functional visual benefits. The tired and aged look gives way to facial rejuvenation and increased self-esteem. In addition, the choice of the medical professional and the surgical technique are extremely important, since each patient has a specificity, from the amount of skin and fat to be removed to the texture and elasticity of the site. Another decisive factor for a good aesthetic result is the rest and home care of the patient undergoing surgery. It is necessary to use sunscreens, medications, ice and a commitment to medical return for professional evaluation. In this way, patient safety is placed in a prominent place, aesthetic satisfaction is achieved, and surgical complications are reduced. CONCLUSION: Thus, it is possible to conclude that despite the existence of surgical complications, patient safety is a priority in operating rooms and patient satisfaction can be achieved without putting their lives at risk. In addition, with the increase in blepharoplasty, nowadays, the techniques are increasingly efficient and the professionals are more specialized.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.56238/sevened2023.007-059