Main preventable causes of deaths in the neonatal period between 2016 and 2021
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Abstract
The study of the causes of deaths in the neonatal period in a country is very relevant to social reality, as well as to analyze the quality of life, availability of health services for the population and its development. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze the preventable causes of neonatal mortality in Brazil from 2016-2021. This is a retrospective time series epidemiological study carried out with the early neonatal, late neonatal and post-neonatal mortality rates of the entire Brazilian territory between the years 2016 and 2021 through the Mortality Information System of the IT Department of the Unified Health System. It is noted that in the period between 2016 and 2021 there were 137,751 deaths from preventable causes in the age group of 0-364 days, corresponding to a rate of 8.11 for every thousand live births. Therefore, the main causes were adequate care for women during pregnancy (n=57,219, 41.53%), adequate care for newborns (n=37,128, 26.95%) and care for women during childbirth (n= 20,621, 14.97%). Early neonatal mortality (0-6 days) had a rate of 4.84 deaths per thousand live births (n=82,154), corresponding to 59% of deaths in children under 1 year of age. Furthermore, late neonatal mortality (7-27 days) had a rate of 1.52 deaths per thousand live births (n=25,763). As well as post-neonatal mortality (28-364 days) of 1.76 deaths per thousand live births (n=29,834). It is concluded that there was a decline in the neonatal mortality rate from preventable causes from 2016 to 2021, with the age group 0-6 days being the highest. The lack of attention to women during the gestational period stands out, followed by the lack of attention to the newborn.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Mateus Arakawa Pamplona, Thayná Amorim Melo, Luiz Eduardo Matoso Freire, Ana Carolina Gadelha Sarmento, Lara Pacheco Barretto Maia, Giorgia Lopes Faccioli, Sayonara Fonseca de Araujo, Karina Magalhães Alves da Mata FernandesAuthor(s)
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Mateus Arakawa Pamplona
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Thayná Amorim Melo
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Luiz Eduardo Matoso Freire
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Ana Carolina Gadelha Sarmento
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Lara Pacheco Barretto Maia
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Giorgia Lopes Faccioli
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Sayonara Fonseca de Araujo
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Karina Magalhães Alves da Mata Fernandes