Maternal exposure to pesticides and malformation by cleft cleft in a specialized service of the SUS: a population-based case-control study

Abstract

Introduction: Studies associate human exposure to pesticides with congenital malformations, including cleft lip and palate. Objectives: to estimate the association between maternal exposure to pesticides and cleft lip and palatein children aged 0 to 5 years living in the state capital of agribusiness from January to November 2019. Method: a control case study performed with the fathers of children with cleft lip and palate (cases) and fathers without children with malformations (controls). Information was obtained regarding the diagnosis of malformation from the records of the Rehabilitation Service of Labiopalatine Fissures of the General Hospital of Cuiabá. Socioeconomic information on environmental and occupational exposure was obtained through the application of a standardized questionnaire. The cases and controls were matched by age and gender. The 95% confidence interval was considered, estimated exposure frequency of the controls of 40%, a ratio of 1:4 controls and significant Odds Ratio of 2.4. The final sample resulted in 58 mothers of children with cleft lip and palate (case group) and 232 mothers of children without malformations (control group). Results: The variables associated with cleft lip and palate were: prematurity (OR= 6.05; CI95% = 1.24 -29.53), mother's occupation when she became pregnant (OR= 1.90; CI95% = 1.02 - 3.52), previous home of the mother in rural areas (OR= 2.08; CI95% = 1.01 - 4.27). Conclusion: mothers who reported premature delivery, occupation not being from the home when pregnant and living in a rural area before becoming pregnant were conditions associated with the occurrence of cleft lip and palate in children up to 5 years of age in Greater Cuiabá.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56238/colleinternhealthscienv1-062