Variations in the physical properties of soybeans during the drying process and changes in the classification of soybeans stored with different temperatures and evaluation methodologies
Keywords
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of drying at different temperatures on the physical properties of the grains; water content, volumetric contraction, the weight of thousand grains, apparent specific mass, length, width, thickness, circularity, sphericity, and comparison of methodologies of soybeans. To evaluate the physical properties, the soybean grain samples with an initial water content of 19.06% b.u. were subjected to the effects of drying air temperatures heated to 40ºC, 55ºC, 70ºC, and 85ºC. The samples were dried in a conventional natural convection oven until reaching 19% water contents, 17%, 15%, 13%, and 11% b.u. Subsequently, the drying curve of soybeans dried under different temperatures was characterized and the physical properties of an apparent specific mass, the weight of one thousand grains, and volumetric contraction were analyzed. It was noted that the increase in temperature affected the three-dimensional axes of the grains, causing them to lose water to the drying air. However, when these grains are dried at high temperatures spending less time, their characteristics are modified. The weight of the grains and the apparent specific mass decreased with increasing temperature during drying. The circularity, sphericity, and unit volume decreased with the increase in temperature during drying, therefore, it is not possible to use the new proposal of digital methodology instead of manual measurement, since the correlation between the two methodologies is close to zero. For the conditions under which the experiment was carried out, it can be concluded that with the increase in the temperature of the drying air, the grains dry faster, and yet the physical dimensions are more preserved, not being intensely reduced throughout the process.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Ruan da Silva Cãndido, José Henrique da Siva Taveira, Adriana Rodolfo da Costa, Patrícia Costa Silva, Pedro Rogerio Giongo, Josué Gomes Delmond, Alexia Amiluana Sousa Martins, Ana Flávia Alves Ferreira, Carlos Miguel Barbosa Valerio, Emanuelly Silva AraújoAuthor(s)
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Ruan da Silva Cãndido
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José Henrique da Siva Taveira
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Adriana Rodolfo da Costa
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Patrícia Costa Silva
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Pedro Rogerio Giongo
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Josué Gomes Delmond
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Alexia Amiluana Sousa Martins
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Ana Flávia Alves Ferreira
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Carlos Miguel Barbosa Valerio
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Emanuelly Silva Araújo