Pancreatic fistula after splenectomy: Case report

Abstract

Splenectomy, a procedure for removing the spleen, is indicated primarily for trauma and hematologic conditions, with an overall incidence rate ranging from 6.4 to 7.1 per 100,000 people annually. Currently, splenectomy can be performed by open, laparoscopic, partial, or embolization techniques, and laparoscopic technique is preferred because it offers lower postoperative mortality and fewer complications. Complications can include bleeding, damage to adjacent organs, and high risks of infections and thromboembolism. After surgery, changes in blood cell count and quality increase susceptibility to infections. Anatomical knowledge of the spleen and pancreas is essential to avoid complications, such as pancreatic fistulas, which can occur due to pancreatic duct rupture, leading to enzyme leaks and a variety of symptoms, such as ascites. These fistulas, especially postoperative fistulas, are serious and can result in infections, hemorrhages, and increased hospital costs. There are few studies on splenectomy-related pancreatic fistulas, highlighting the importance of further investigation into this significant complication.