Central and peripheral vertigo: Neurological and otorhinolaryngological approaches

Abstract

Vertigo is a common symptom in several clinical conditions, and may have a central or peripheral origin. The differential diagnosis between these forms is crucial to guide appropriate treatment and prevent complications. This study aims to analyze the neurological and otorhinolaryngological approaches to central and peripheral vertigo, highlighting diagnostic methods, therapeutic approaches, and pathophysiological differences. A descriptive and qualitative literature review was carried out, using electronic databases and selection of articles relevant to the theme. Specific diagnostic methods, such as the Dix-Hallpike maneuver and magnetic resonance imaging, are essential to differentiate between central and peripheral vertigo. Therapeutic approaches include repositioning maneuvers, vestibular rehabilitation, and pharmacological therapy. Pathophysiological differences between the forms of vertigo influence the clinical management and prognosis of patients. Understanding the differences between central and peripheral vertigo is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. Complementary therapeutic approaches, such as acupuncture and craniosacral therapy, may offer additional benefits to patients. A multidisciplinary and patient-centered approach is essential to ensure satisfactory outcomes and improve the quality of life of individuals affected by vertigo.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.56238/sevened2024.012-056