Viticulture in southeastern Brazil

Resumen

Viticulture has great expressiveness within the world and national fruit sector, being able to generate employment and income in the most diverse regions of the world, and the world production of grapes, is around 77 tons of fruits. Brazil is among the world's largest grape producers, allowing to highlight the agroecological perspectives that are favorable to the exploration of numerous activities related to fruit growing tropical, subtropical and temperate climates. The objective of this work was to analyze grape production in the Southeast region of Brazil, in the period from 2016 to 2020, based on agricultural production data.  The study focuses on the Southeast region of Brazil, considering for this study the states of Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. The data to generate the results were obtained from the   research of  municipal agricultural production, d theyears 2016 to 2020, where data were  obtained regarding the indices of: harvested area, in hectare (ha); quanantidade produced, in kg/ha; and average yield of production, in Kg/^ha-1, f ram also calculated the rate of variation in percentage and aritmetic rate of cresation, for the states and municipalities producing grape in the Southeast region of Brazil.  From the data obtained, it is understood that viticulture has in the Southeast region of Brazil, edaphoclimatic conditions favorable to its cultivation and production, besides having a consumer market that is traditional and established, in the region itself, and the area harvested in hectare, jumped from 8,694, to 9,473 ha. This growth occurred mainly by the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais, which had 8,018 and 1,223 hectares of harvested area, respectively. Followed by Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro, with the smallest harvest area, in the 2016-2020 harvests. As well as, for the aritmetic growth rate of the municipality of João Pinheiro, in the State of Minas Gerais, it presented the highest production rate, which is equivalent to 286.7% p.a. It is concluded that, in the Southeast region of Brazil, a viticulture grows based on small properties, with solid family labor, whose objective is lucratividadand on production,  and having adestination mainly for the internal market.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56238/tfisdwv1-027