The influence of El Niño and La Niña phenomena in Brazil: The case of the rainfall distribution of the municipality of Vitória da Conquista in the state of Bahia

Abstract

This study refers to the anomalies in local and global atmospheric dynamics from episodes of El Niño and La Niña phenomena. The intention of this research is to investigate whether there is an influence of these phenomena on the rainfall distribution of the municipality of Vitória da Conquista. The methodology used in this work was carried out through the comparison of rainfall data of the periods of occurrence of El Niño and La Niña through the website of NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration between the years 1982 to 2016 and through data from the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET) in order to verify possible anomalies in the rainfall distribution. Through this investigation it was possible to perceive that both the El Niño phenomenon and the La Niña influence the distribution of rainfall in order to intensify the rainfall irregularity in the municipality, that is, the largest volumes of rain are concentrated in a few months during the year, promoting long periods of drought and at the same time, large volumes of rain in short periods of time. It was also found that there is another oceanic-atmospheric phenomenon that influences the region that the Atlantic Dipole, also capable of intensifying the rainfall irregularity of the municipality of Vitória da Conquista.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56238/Connexpemultidisdevolpfut-062