Castleman's syndrome: Main sonographic findings

Abstract

Castleman's disease is a rare, usually benign, lymph node disorder that can manifest as cervical or mediastinal adenopathy. There are three histological variants: unicentric hyaline-vascular, unicentric plasma cells, and multicentric plasma cells, each with different symptoms and radiological features. The hyaline vascular form has a predilection for the thorax, and can simulate other conditions such as thymoma or lymphoma. Imaging tests, such as CT scans and MRIs, are useful for diagnosis, revealing characteristic patterns of lymph node enhancement and involvement. Treatment varies depending on the variant of the disease and may include surgery, steroids, chemotherapy, or antiviral therapy. Accurate diagnosis is challenging, requiring attention from radiologists to differentiate Castleman's disease from other lymphoproliferative conditions. This report aims to describe the clinical case of a patient admitted to the emergency department with pain in the left hypochondrium and to warn about the need for early diagnosis and follow-up for appropriate therapy.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.56238/interdiinovationscrese-043